This study was conducted to determine the reactions of 50 bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes at the preliminary yield trial stage against common bunt (Tilletia foetida) across seven different locations in Türkiye, including Antalya, Çanakkale, Denizli, Kırıkkale, Kırşehir, Mersin, and Siirt under artificial epidemic conditions during the 2024-2025 growing season. The pathogen population was virulent on Bt-0, Bt-2, Bt-3, Bt-4, Bt-6 and Bt-7 resistance genes, but avirulent on Bt-1, Bt-5, Bt-8, Bt-9, Bt-10, Bt-8,9,10, Bt-11, Bt-12, Bt-13, Bt-14 and Bt-15. The high disease severity (85-100%) in the susceptible controls, Little Club and Yakar-99, confirmed successful infection across all locations. Among the tested genotypes, 94% (46 genotypes) were in the susceptible reaction group, while only 6% (3 genotypes) showed moderately resistant reactions. The crosses of Esperia/Sönmez 2001 (line 10), Bezostaja-1/Sönmez 2001 (line 17), and Tosunbey/Sönmez 2001 (line 31) showed the highest resistance, with maximum disease severity values of 12%, 13%, and 14%, respectively. Disease severity varied across locations, with Kırşehir showing the highest infection rate (95%), while infection remained relatively low in Antalya, likely due to climatic conditions. The findings show that genetic diversity for resistance to common bunt is limited in the tested wheat gene pool and reveal that Sönmez 2001 can be used as a donor in resistance breeding programs.
EVALUATION OF COMMON BUNT RESISTANCE IN BREAD WHEAT GENOTYPES FROM PRIMARY YIELD TRIALS
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Abstract
Language
English
Keywords
Tilletia laevis, Bt resistance genes, Artificial epidemic, Breeding material, Genetic resistance
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